Affective networks: how WeChat enhances Tencent’s digital business governance

An emerging body of literature has revealed that social media enhance digital business governance to facilitate Internet companies in generating profit throughout regulating the everyday lives of users. However, although existing debates are often contextualized in the West, little attention has been paid to China, where social media are widely used. To fill this knowledge gap, this article investigates the digital business governance practiced by Chinese Internet companies such as Tencent. Specifically, I employ an affective lens to analyze how WeChat, the most popular social media application launched by Tencent, allows this Internet company to influence users for its own business purposes. Chinese college students, which constitute a representative group of young people, were early adopters of WeChat, and they have led the trend of social media use in China. Based on a yearlong netnographic study of Chinese college students, the results reveal that the affective design of WeChat captured their attention and influenced their everyday practices. These results provide insight into how digital business governance operates in the Chinese context, in which authoritarianism and capitalism work closely together.     

跨区域大气污染联合防治中的地方政府 演化博弈分析

针对大气污染呈现出的复合型、流动性和跨区域的特点，将地方政府在大气污染联合防治中的相互影响总结为“同向外部效应”和“部分排他效应”，应用演化博弈分析法，剖析地方政府之间大气污染联合防治的演化过程和演化结果。研究结果表明：地方政府治污成本的降低、对不治理污染地方政府惩罚力度的加大、地方政府治理大气污染效果的提高、地方政府不治理大气污染可见性的提升、大气污染治理外部性的减弱等都有助于演化博弈的稳定策略向地方政府跨区域联合防治的方向演进，从而有助于提升大气污染的治理效果，达到改善生态环境的目的。     

Caring is not enough: the importance of Internet skills for online privacy protection

This article explains Internet users’ self-help activities in protecting their privacy online using structural equation modeling. Based on a representative survey of Swiss Internet users, it reveals past experiences with privacy breaches as a strong predictor of current protective behavior. Further, in line with the ‘privacy paradox’ argument, caring about privacy (privacy attitudes) alone does not necessarily result in substantial self-protection. Most strikingly, however, general Internet skills are key in explaining users’ privacy behavior. These skills enable users to reduce risks of privacy loss while obtaining the benefits from online activities that increasingly depend on the revelation of personal data. Consequently, Internet skills are an essential starting point for public policies regarding users’ self-help in privacy protection.     

The Legal Regulation of Irrational Elements in the Operations of Boards of Directors

The operating processes of boards of directors are delicate and complex, so corporate legislation cannot simply equate board structure law with board governance law. It is therefore necessary to start from China’s actual conditions and grasp the operating processes of Chinese boards with a sober appreciation of the irrational elements in their operating mechanisms. Board governance has entered a new stage of institutionalization, and the law should shift from its emphasis on structure to give equal attention to structure and process in optimizing institutional structure. In the construction of board operating mechanisms, we should treat differently such “living laws” as customs, experiences and traditions, give full play to the functionality of boards’ strategic choices, and provide legal regulation of irrational elements, so as to distinguish between different roles, develop consensus, select strong points and improve efficiency. We should build control over board operational procedures, improve the system of functional allocation, correct assessment mechanisms, develop a mechanism for judicial scrutiny of the affective relationships in society and curb such behavioral tendencies as relational identity, structural bias and group polarization, with a view to controlling such “living laws” within the framework of the basic values and principles of board governance.     

政策边缘人：理解基层政策执行难的一个视角——以精准扶贫中的“争贫”为例

当公共政策只针对部分社会群体的时候，靠近政策分界线但又没有享受到政策利益的群体就会成为政策边缘人，政策边缘人属于利益外群体，但其结构性位置却又让其最接近分享政策利益，属于潜在受益者。在社会分化和竞争的背景下，政策边缘人与其他条件差不多的群体对比会产生相对剥夺感。政策边缘人会认为享有政策利益本应是他们的权利，于是他们基于维权的想法会通过各种方式谋取政策利益，在此过程中就会影响到基层公共政策的执行。因此，建议通过提高基层治理的法治化、科学化、精细化水平和组织化程度等方式减少政策边缘人对政策执行和基层治理带来的消极影响。     

我国中小学校园欺凌问题研究及薄弱环节——基于CNKI文献关键词的共词分析

随着一系列恶性事件被媒体曝光，社会各界普遍关注和担忧校园欺凌问题，如何解决这一问题，已成为社会焦点。通过共词分析法对我国中小学校园欺凌问题研究现状进行考察发现，其研究主题主要包括六大类：校园欺凌行为特征研究、校园欺凌与学校管理的关系研究、校园欺凌与人际交往的关系研究、校园欺凌的成因与对策研究、校园欺凌的预防与治理研究、校园欺凌的社会问题研究，而研究的薄弱环节则主要包括品格教育研究、学生自我保护研究以及网络欺凌问题研究。因此，校园欺凌问题研究亟待进一步深化，研究视角也需进一步拓展。首先，除欺凌者、被欺凌者之外，旁观者也应纳入研究范畴，要将欺凌者和被欺凌者实施隔离，对受欺凌者要及时给予心理疏导，引导旁观者积极主动地帮助被欺凌者；其次，建议尽快出台相关的法律法规，为学校、教师及相关部门有效处理、解决校园欺凌问题提供法律支持及保障；最后，将综合预防与治理相结合，建立由学校、教师、学生组成的反欺凌共同体。     

"指标困局":农村贫困治理的实践与反思

在国家的扶贫实践中，地方政府的行为策略是影响扶贫绩效的关键变量。通过对精准扶贫政策实践的调研发现，中央政府不断升级的治理手段为重构央地关系创造了条件，地方政府对国家扶贫理念转型认知的偏差以及在形成路径依赖之后的策略行为不仅容易产生对总体局势的误判，还为后期的政策困局埋下了伏笔。在此背景下，地方扶贫工作遭遇“指标困局”，即地方政府很难实事求是去识别贫困户，只能在既有的指标约束下进行精准识别，扶贫工作陷入了反复识别，却仍难实现精准的怪圈。     

A critical approach to wage devaluation: The case of Spanish economic recovery

In line with the orientation of EU economic policy, the Spanish government has favoured a strategy of internal devaluation as a way of adjusting price levels within the currency union. The results of empirical studies indicate that the internal devaluation applied in Spain does not seem to have attained the desired goals in terms of reducing the relative prices of exports and consolidating a model of growth based on external demand. Indeed, the estimates drawn up show that tailwinds – the depreciation of the euro and the fall in risk premium as results of the measures taken by the ECB, greater economic activity by trading partners and the fall in the price of oil – exercised a decisive influence in the trends followed by the prices of exports and the balance of trade during the period of crisis management in Spain.     

数字经济发展的评估指标体系研究——基于投入产出视角

发展数字经济是我国重要国策，对其评估指标体系的研究受到多方关注，但目前我国数字经济测度仅仅局限于数字化产业和数字化创新，尚未形成一个完整、系统的数字经济评价指标体系。文章在引入治理环境的基础上，基于经济学上的投入产出视角探讨我国数字经济发展的有效测度方法，在研究数字经济的发展效应中新添了数字化治理和数字知识型人才供给两项指标，构建了一套基于投入产出视角的数字经济发展评价指标体系，为衡量数字经济发展提供了一个系统的体系。为提升数字治理现代化水平，更好发挥数字经济在促进经济高质量发展中的作用提供了实践意义和政策参考。     

Tomorrow's Leaders and Today's Agents of Change? Children,Sustainability Education and Environmental Governance

Children are central to the rhetoric supporting global climate agreements, yet they are also envisaged to play a strategic role in materialising such agreements. Along with other household actors, children are implicated in localised efforts to manage global resource sustainability. As learners in educational systems that are being redesigned to encompass messages of sustainability, children are moreover positioned as ‘agents of change’ through sustainability education. Drawing on theoretical work on children's agency and interdependence, this review calls for greater attention to the structural and relational dimensions of environmental knowledge transmission to inform sustainability education. This is presented as one move towards constructing what Middlemiss (2014) terms a more ‘socially sensitive’ model of sustainable development.